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The MOMS Trial is a Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) sponsored study of prenatal and postnatal closure of myelomeningocele; a collaboration of The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, the University of California at San Francisco, Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville and the George Washington University in Washington, D.C. ==Introduction == Spina bifida, or myelomeningocele is a type of open neural tube defect that can occur with problems with the early development of a fetus. Most researchers believe that both genetic and environmental factors play a role. During the first 28 days of a pregnancy, the brain and spinal cord form in the developing fetus. The causes of human Spina bifida are not proven. The majority of babies with open spina bifida have a variety of medical problems including nerve damage and problems with motor function, this may include some amount of paralysis of the lower part of their body (this ranges from very mild to quite severe), loss of control of their bowels and bladder, and abnormalities of the brain. Closed spina bifida is probably more common than is currently recognised and includes a range of subtle abnormalities where the neural tube is closed. This is sometimes referred to as spina bifida occulta. Historically, spina bifida was not detected before birth. Maternal serum screening of elevated alpha-fetoprotein at 16 to 18 weeks of gestation, followed by amniocentesis allowed detection of a minority of cases. A better option is the assessment of ''Acetyl choline Esteras''e form amniotic fluid.Today, detection rate is 98% at the time of an anatomical screen ultrasound at 20 weeks of gestation. For decades the standard treatment has been to close the spinal defect soon after the baby is born. This is called postnatal surgery. Recently, doctors have developed an experimental operation performed while the baby is still in the mother’s womb. This is called prenatal surgery. The benefits of prenatal surgery remain unproven. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「MOMS Trial」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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